A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEORY Z AND THE PERMA MODEL : NEW PERSPECTIVES ON ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64186/jsp1832%20Keywords:
Theory Z, PERMA model, organizational development, human resource management, organizational flourishingAbstract
This academic article presents a comparative analysis between Theory Z and the PERMA model to offer a new perspective on organizational development in the 21st century. It highlights that modern organizations face the challenge of balancing performance and employee well-being. The author presents: 1) the main concepts of Theory Z, 2) the key components of the PERMA model, 3) a comparative analysis of the strengths and limitations of both concepts, 4) ways to integrate Theory Z and the PERMA model for organizational development, and 5) case studies of the application of the integrated concepts in modern organizations. Theory Z focuses on fostering long-term commitment between the organization and employees, participatory decision-making, and the development of diverse skills, while the PERMA model emphasizes individual flourishing through five elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. The comparative analysis reveals that both concepts have strengths that complement each other. Theory Z provides a clear management framework, while the PERMA model focuses on enhancing personal happiness and flourishing. This article proposes an approach to integrate both concepts to create an efficient organization that promotes employee well-being. It suggests strategies for human resource development that focus on both performance outcomes and individual growth, creating a culture that fosters participation and commitment, and developing a comprehensive performance evaluation system that encompasses both work performance and employee well-being. The knowledge presented in this article will be valuable for managers and human resource developers in designing organizational development strategies that address the challenges of the 21st century.
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