The Development of Teaching Materials for Embedded Systems and IoT Technology (20901-2403) with Critical Thinking in Project-based Learning Model (C-PjBL)

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to: 1) develop teaching materials for Embedded Systems and IoT Technology (20901-2403) using the Critical Thinking in Project-Based Learning Model (C-PjBL); 2) implement the developed materials in C-PjBL learning; and 3) evaluate stakeholders’ opinions regarding the outcomes. The samples, selected through purposive sampling, consisted of five experts who evaluated the materials, 26 students enrolled in Embedded Systems and IoT Technology (20901-2403) in the Information Technology Department at Phuket Technical College during the second semester of the 2021 academic year, and 26 stakeholder representatives from educational institutions and enterprises. The research instruments included expert evaluation forms, achievement tests, and satisfaction questionnaires. Learning efficiency was assessed using E₁/E₂, while pretest and posttest scores were used to determine learning progress (T₁/T₂). Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

The results showed that the experts rated the developed teaching materials at a high level (x̄ = 4.34, S.D. = 0.40). The learning efficiency was 81.50/80.26, exceeding the established criterion of 80/80. Students achieved learning progress of 38.35%, which was higher than the required 20%, with statistical significance at the .01 level. Students’ satisfaction with the teaching materials was also at a high level (x̄ = 4.36, S.D. = 0.42). Stakeholders similarly expressed a high level of approval (x̄ = 4.36, S.D. = 0.42). Therefore, the developed teaching materials were suitable for implementing C-PjBL in Embedded Systems and IoT Technology. Overall, the materials effectively supported learning achievement, student progress, satisfaction, and practical implementation in vocational education contexts.