Free-range duck management and sustainable development

Abstract

This article aims to describe the management practices involved in free-range duck farming and its relationship to sustainable development. It examines principles such as resource management, animal health care, natural resource utilization, and their impacts on the economy, society, and environment. Free-range duck farming is a production system that depends on ducks foraging in rice paddies and agricultural land after harvest. This practice enables the use of natural food sources like snails, insects, and weeds, which helps reduce production costs and reliance on agricultural chemicals. Additionally, enhancing production efficiency while minimizing environmental impact requires effective management of animal health, provision of clean water sources, and proper handling of duck manure for organic fertilizer production. Furthermore, this farming system plays a significant role in boosting farmer income, supporting community employment, and preserving local knowledge. The analysis indicates that effective management of free-range duck farming can promote sustainable development across all dimensions: economic, social, environmental, and animal welfare. This ultimately contributes to food security, increased agricultural competitiveness, and an improved quality of life for farmers and communities over the long term.